To encourage flight crews to think about actions they would take in the event of a contingency, international procedures expert Dave Stohr, president of Air Training International, provided a sample list of items that would need attention if it were necessary to depart an organized track or a random route. Other items could be added.

The “bible” for operations over the high seas is ICAO Document 4444, Section 15, which delineates general oceanic contingency procedures. An accompanying reference is ICAO Document 7030, which covers supplementary (unique) procedures applying to the eight ICAO regions. These two can be purchased through ICAO's main website in paper or online subscriptions at www.icao.int/publications/catalog. (They are not presented gratis on the ICAO website as FARs are on the FAA website and must be purchased. However, the full set is included in a Jeppesen JeppView subscription.)

Country: Federative Republic of Brazil Status: Brazil's largest city and financial center Country visa requirement: Yes, for passengers who are U.S. citizens; however, not required for flight crews traveling aboard the aircraft, excluding cabin attendants (who must have visas). Landing permit requirement: Yes Sponsor letter required: No